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DEFINITION
Diarrhea is the frequent evacuation of feces or the decrease in the consistency of them. In acute cases, the most common cause is intestinal infection. Chronic diarrhea may indicate a serious illness or, conversely, a functional sign of no importance. In this case it is necessary to consult a specialist.Acute diarrhea is usually presented as a process of sudden onset and short duration. In most cases this is an infectious gastroenteritis.
It is an extremely common process, one to two episodes per person per year in Western countries and twice in developing countries.
CAUSES
The germs involved are numerous:
- Bacteria : Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella.
- Virus : enterovirus, adenovirus.
- Parasites : Entamoeba histolytica amoebae-, Giardia lamblia.
- Fungi : Candida albicans
The food toxic infection also common, is caused by the ingestion of a toxin produced by a bacterial germ rate, which typically originates from consumption of spoiled food. The toxin-producing microorganisms are staphylococci, clostridia, E. Coli.
The indiscriminate use of certain drugs, mainly antibiotics, laxatives, and some toxic irritant foods such as alcohol, arsenic, lead, mercury and others can cause severe diarrhea. Less common are food allergies, appendicitis, gastrointestinal bleeding and others.
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